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The ''Ypiranga'' Incident occurred on April 21, 1914, at the port of Veracruz in Mexico. The SS ''Ypiranga'' was a German steamer that was commissioned to transport arms and munitions to the Mexican federal government under Victoriano Huerta. The United States had placed Mexico under an arms embargo to stifle the flow of weaponry to the war-torn state, then in the throes of civil war, forcing Huerta's government to look to Europe for armaments.〔Thomas Baecker, "(The Arms of the Ypiranga: The German Side )," ''The Americas'', Vol. 30, No. 1 (Jul., 1973), pp. 1-17 Published by: Academy of American Franciscan History〕〔(Ypiranga and Bavaria Unloaded Cargoes at Puerto Mexico.; FIRST HAD 10,000 RIFLES ) - ''The New York Times'', 28 May 1914〕 The ''Ypiranga'' tried to enter the harbor at Veracruz to unload on the first day of the US occupation but was detained by US troops who were ordered by President of the United States Woodrow Wilson to enforce the arms embargo he had placed on Mexico. There was neither a declaration of war on Mexico by the United States nor a formal blockade on its ports, thus the detention of the ''Ypiranga'' was not legal and it was released. It proceeded to a port where the US military was absent, Puerto México (modern-day Coatzacoalcos, Veracruz), and was able to offload its cargo to Huerta’s officials.〔Thomas Baecker, "(The Arms of the Ypiranga: The German Side )," ''The Americas'', Vol. 30, No. 1 (Jul., 1973), pp. 1-17 Published by: Academy of American Franciscan History〕〔(Ypiranga and Bavaria Unloaded Cargoes at Puerto Mexico.; FIRST HAD 10,000 RIFLES ) - ''The New York Times'', 28 May 1914〕 == Background == In February 1913, Victoriano Huerta launched a coup, known as the Ten Tragic Days, with the support of Félix Díaz, the nephew of deposed president Porfirio Díaz and American Ambassador Henry Lane Wilson, to overthrow the government of Francisco I. Madero. Mexico had been engaged in civil war for almost two years up to this point and Huerta was unable to enact his plans for pacification. Instead, he had to continue fighting the rebels for a time and his resources were spread thinly.〔Michael C. Meyer, "The Arms of the Ypiranga," ''The Hispanic American Historical Review'', Vol. 50, No. 3 (Aug., 1970), pp. 546 Published by: Duke University Press〕 Pres. William Howard Taft concluded, based on the magnitude of the domestic violence, that no arms shipments were authorized to travel from the United States to Mexico by order of Congress.〔United States, Department of State, Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, 1912 (Washington, D.C., 1919) 745〕 Huerta became dependent on European and Asian weapons for a short time until he created connections in the United States through his agents who coordinated arms sales to locations in Cuba that were then smuggled across the Gulf of Mexico.〔Michael C. Meyer, "The Arms of the Ypiranga," ''The Hispanic American Historical Review'', Vol. 50, No. 3 (Aug., 1970), pp. 546 Published by: Duke University Press〕 Huerta began working closely with Leon Raast, the Russian vice-consul in Mexico City. Raast traveled to New York to meet with the Huertista agent Abraham Ratner and Marquard and Company, Importers to purchase twenty machine guns to add to the stockpile already warehoused in the city. Raast then met with the president of Gans Steamship Line who would transport the contraband for him but could not legally consign the weapons to a port in Mexico, however, he would consign to a port in Odessa, Russia.〔Meyer, pp. 547〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ypiranga incident」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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